• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The object of the present invention is a flat solar collector with hollow silicone peroxide tubes with a gas inside it, placed inside its absorber that allows to improve the operation of flat thermal solar collectors when they are at risk of freezing, preventing their breakage and maintaining energy efficiency. It has its application in the area of mechanical engineering.
    公开号:ES2684779A1
    申请号:ES201700418
    申请日:2017-03-29
    公开日:2018-10-04
    发明作者:Isidoro Lillo Bravo；Jonathan VERA MEDINA
    申请人:Universidad de Sevilla；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

     Flat solar collector with silicone peroxide tube Object of the invention 5 The present invention aims at a flat solar collector with hollow silicone peroxide tubes with a gas inside, placed inside its absorber that allows to improve the operation of flat solar thermal collectors when they are at risk of freezing, avoiding breakage and maintaining energy efficiency. It has its application in the area of mechanical engineering. 10 State of the art The absorber of a flat solar collector is the element through which the heat transfer fluid circulates. This fluid is often water in a liquid state. When the solar collector is subjected to very low temperatures due to environmental frosts, the heat transfer fluid freezes, increases its volume and pressure and breaks the absorber. The main method used in frost protection of a solar collector is the addition of propylene glycol to the water circulating inside the absorber of the solar collector (1). However, the main disadvantages of this method are the degradation of antifreeze over time, it cannot be used in direct systems and its high cost. Other methods used for protection are: • Water recirculation in the collector circuit [2,3], which requires forced circulation. This method can lead to high energy loss and, in some cases, can cause reliability problems if no electrical power is available to activate the recirculation pumps in the required time. • Recirculation in reverse flow [4]. This method can lead to a high loss of energy during night periods. • The installation of an electrical resistor along the pipes that contain the water in the collector, but this can lead to a high consumption of electricity. DESCRIPTION• Drainage systems with recovery [5]. One of the main disadvantages of solar water heating through drainage systems with recovery is the significant loss of heat when the pump is not running, as well as during nighttime exposure. 5 • Drainage to the outside of the installation [6]. These systems require special control and the drained water cannot be recovered. • There are other cases in which the accumulation of water and the solar collector are in the same device to always stay above the freezing temperature. For example, this is the case of the system called Integrated 10 Collector / Storage Solar Water Heaters, ICSSWH, based on a device patented in 1891 [7]. This method can lead to a high loss of night energy. • Other methods of protection with a two-phase solar heating system using acetone or methanol as a working fluid [8,9], but the thermal capacity of the heat transfer fluid is significantly reduced. 15 References [1] H. Imura, and Koito, M. Mochizuki, H. Fujiura. Start-up from the frozen state of two-phase thermosyphons. Applied Thermal Engineering 25 (17-18) (2005) 2730-2739. [2] KA Laing, J.N. Laing Freeze protection for hot water systems. US Patent US6622930 B2, 2003. 20 [3] K. Hudon, T. Merrigan, J. Burchand, J. Maguire. Low-cost solar water heating research and development roadmap. Technical Report NRELITP-5500-54793, 2012. [4] R. Tang, Z. Sun, Z. Li, Y. Yu, H. Zhong, C. Xia. Experimental investigation on thermal performance of flat plate collectors at night. Energy Conversion and Management 49 (10) (2008) 2642-2646. 25 [5] R. Botpaev, Y. Louvet, B. Perers, S. Furbo, K. Vajen. Drainback solar thermal systems: a review. "Solar Energy 128 (2016) 41-60. [6] J. Burch, J. Salasovich. Water consumption from freeze protection valves for solar water heating systems. ISES Solar World Congress Orlando, Florida August 6-12, 2005. NREL / CP-550-37696.30 [7] M. Smyth, PC Eames, B. Norton. Techno-economic appraisal of an integrated collector / storage solar water heater. Renewable Energy 29 (9) ( 2004) 1503-1514.[8] A. Ordaz-Flores, O. García-Valladares, V. H. GÓmez. Findings to improve the performance of a two-phase flat plate solar system, using acetone and methanol as working fluids. Solar Energy 86 (4) (2012) 1089-1098. [9] E. Mathioulakis, V. Belessiotis. A new heat-pipe type solar domestic hot water 5 system. Solar Energy 72 (1) (2002) 13-20. 10 15 Description of the figures Figure 1.-Sample of a solar thermal collector where: 1. Solar thermal collector. 2. Inlet connection 3. Outlet connection 4. Absorber 5. Heat transfer fluid 6. Silicone peroxide tube 7. Gas Figure 2.- Shows a section of the absorber tube before the heat transfer fluid freezing process (figure 2.A ) and after the freezing process of the heat transfer fluid (Figure 2.B). Figure 3.- Sample of a detail of the sealing of the silicone peroxide tube both at the entrance and at the exit of the sensor where they are indicated: 2. Connections of input of the sensor 3. Connection of output of the sensor 4. Absorber 5. Heat transfer fluid 25 6. Silicone peroxide tube. 30 7. Gas 8. Side sealing of the silicone peroxide tube Description of the invention The absorber of a flat solar collector is the element through which the heat transfer fluid circulates. This fluid is often water in a liquid state. When the collector is subjected to very low temperatures the fluid freezes, increases its volume and the absorber breaks. On the other hand, the heat transfer fluid is also exposed to 35 very variable temperatures and often exceeds 120 ° C and also depending on the configuration of the solar collector in the building's solar installation.Heat transfer fluid is the water of human consumption of the building that makes the human being warm, so its properties should not be altered in a way that is harmful to the human being. The present invention relates to a flat solar collector with a hollow silicone peroxide tube filled with a gas, mainly air, which is placed inside the absorber of a solar collector. This material makes it possible to absorb the variations in volume that occur in the carrier fluid that occur due to the transition from a liquid to a solid state when frozen. This material withstands all the operating conditions of temperature and pressure of a solar collector in a reliable and durable way, it is cheap and safe for the human being and the environment. The invention that concerns us refers to a flat solar collector with one or several concentric tubes of hollow silicone peroxide, or another geometric configuration, in which inside it can contain a gas, preferably air, placed inside the interior of the absorber of a flat solar collector. 15 The flat solar collector with hollow silicone peroxide tube with gas inside it placed inside the absorber absorbs the expansions, which occur in the heat transfer fluid inside the absorber when it freezes without affecting the absorber. The process is totally passive and does not consume energy. It also withstands temperatures above 130 ° C without degrading. On the other hand, the silicone peroxide tube is compatible with all the materials in which it is in contact such as the heat transfer fluid, normally water, the internal gas, normally air and with the materials of the absorber normally copper or aluminum. In addition, the silicone peroxide tube has a very low roughness and therefore does not significantly affect the energy properties of the solar collector, basically its energy efficiency and the pressure drop. From a sanitary and environmental point of view, the flat solar collector with hollow silicone peroxide tube with gas inside it is harmless to humans, that is, it is not toxic or reactive with water so that it can be used in solar installations This is what happens when the hot heat transfer fluid 30 that passes through the absorber is what the human being receives. From the economic point of view, the flat solar collector with hollow silicone peroxide tube is competitive with other solutions of prevention of the risk of frostEmbodiment of the invention An embodiment of the invention based on the figures is described below. The absorber (4), preferably in the form of a coil, is connected to the 5 welded inlet (2) and outlet (3) connections required for the solar collector and the selective surfaces are welded. The entire absorber welding process must be prior to the incorporation of the silicone tube. The silicone peroxide tube (6) is inserted into the absorber. The inlet and outlet of the silicone peroxide tube (8) is sealed and sealed by fusion or other procedure. The volume of the silicone peroxide tube must be able to absorb the volume variation of the heat transfer fluid upon freezing, according to process 2.A and 2.8 of Figure 2. For example, in the preferred embodiment the heat transfer fluid is water, so that in In this case, the inside diameter of the absorber tube must be equal to or less than 3.5 15 times the inside diameter of the silicone peroxide tube when the water is at 25 ° C and 1 bar. Once the absorber has been made with the selective surfaces incorporated therein and the silicone peroxide tube inside it, the sensor continues to be manufactured in its normal process, which in a preferred embodiment is to incorporate back and side insulator to the absorber, protection rear and side insulation, glass front cover and frame with gaskets. The present invention can also be applied to flat solar collectors without cover. 
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    Claims 1.-Flat solar collector of the type that include an absorber tube characterized by having a hollow silicone peroxide tube with gas inside placed inside the absorber to absorb expansions that occur in the heat transfer fluid inside the absorber when it freezes without affecting the absorber. 2. Flat solar collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the silicone peroxide tube can be one or more tubes. 3.-Flat solar collector according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the silicone peroxide tube can have any geometry.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2684779B1|2019-07-11|
    WO2018178417A1|2018-10-04|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4321908A|1980-05-16|1982-03-30|Reed Robert S|Prevention of freeze damage to liquid conduits|
    JPS58140564A|1982-02-15|1983-08-20|Matsushita Electric Works Ltd|Solar heat collector|
    ZA993636B|1998-04-30|2001-05-03|Simon Johannes Du Plooy|Conduit for fluids.|
    US6119729A|1998-09-14|2000-09-19|Arise Technologies Corporation|Freeze protection apparatus for fluid transport passages|
    EP1669693A1|2004-12-08|2006-06-14|Transen Industria e Commercio LtdA.|Solar collector with freezing-proof device|
    GB2447890A|2007-03-22|2008-10-01|Christopher Robert Sims|Solar collector comprising resilient tubing to compensate for the expansion of a working fluid due to freezing|
    法律状态:
    2018-10-04| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2684779 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20181004 |
    2019-07-11| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2684779 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20190711 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201700418A|ES2684779B1|2017-03-29|2017-03-29|Flat solar collector with silicone peroxide tube|ES201700418A| ES2684779B1|2017-03-29|2017-03-29|Flat solar collector with silicone peroxide tube|
    PCT/ES2018/000025| WO2018178417A1|2017-03-29|2018-03-23|Flat-plate solar collector comprising a silicone peroxide tube|
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